c. 1914 to present
20th Century Global Conflicts
Militarization and advancements in war technology contributed to the scale and destruction at which the global conflict was able to reach starting with WW1
Tensions and the rise of new ideologies along with political instability in the interwar period would lead to WWII
The political instability of Germany after it was left in ruins from WWI allowed Hitler to gain control of the government and implement his ideas on Germany and across the globe
The global wars and political tensions/instability the war left behind gave way to the Cold War
Economic struggles within Europe created tensions between the individuals and state most notably with disputes involving democracy, communism, and fascism
Causes:
Long-term:
Rise of militarism
The increase in antagonistic alliances led to WW1
Imperialism and imperial competition among states raised tensions
Senses of nationalism grew and were a binding force for the modern nation-state
Short-term:
The assassination of the Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914 by a Bosnian Serb
Effects:
The Armenian Genocide was a result of the political state WWI left Europe in
The balance of power in the world shifted and the major powers of the world changed
Protests, discontent, and insurrections grew among civilians due to the war
New technologies led to a more destructive war and less diplomacy being conducted among states in WWI
New technologies changed the battle strategies and made hand to hand or weapon to weapon combat obsolete
The war in Europe quickly spread; becoming a global conflict due to imperialism and global alliances causing war to involving other countries and sparking war in other countries
Due to the collapse and defeat of the European superpowers, the balance of power in Europe shifted as well as the global balance of power
WWI sprung uprisings and revolutions in countries occupied by European powers
Causes:
Political stagnation in Russia caused by the revolution of 1905 when people demanded liberal reforms; some of which were enacted while some weren’t or were later taken away
Social Inequality led to Russian revolution through wealth gap and serfdom
Incomplete industrialization contributed to Russian Revolution
Food and land distribution was a leading factor for WWI because of the uneven distribution and the prioritization of some people over others
Effects:
Russian Revolution led to Russia’s withdrawal from World War I, caused by the new leadership resulting from revolution
New social, political, and economic order of Russia was implemented and challenged which resulted in the formation of the Soviet Union
The Versailles Peace Conference satisfied only a few because each victorious state had a different idea of how peace should be administered
Clemens also wanted to protect France from future German aggression, so he pushed for Germany to be demilitarized, pay reparations, and create geographic buffer zone in Rhineland to prevent Germany from attacking France
Tensions between Russia and the rest of the powers prevented peace from being achieved
Rise of Extremism:
New Economic Theories:
The Rise of Fascist States:
Fascism Causes:
Fascist leaders made themselves look like they could save their countries from these conditions. Not only that but they were able to blame already mistreated minority groups, such as Jews, for those bad conditions.
Fascism in Italy:
Fascism in Germany:
Communism in Soviet Russia:
Fascists Rearm and Expand:
The Soviet Union was an authoritarian communist while the U.S. and Western Europe were capitalist democracies
Specific Factors leading to WWII:
Pacific and European Theaters of War:
Advancement in Physics:
Lost Generation:
Women Involvement:
After WWI:
The Inter War and Post-WWII Period:
Intellectual and Cultural movements:
AP Euro Final Project - Tovi Lieberman
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